[Stop-traffic] Information about US government restrictions on trafficking grants
Ann Jordan
stop-traffic@friends-partners.org
Mon Jan 12 10:20:50 2004
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GLOBAL RIGHTS=20
Partners for Justice
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January 7, 2004
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Dear friends,
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As many of you know, the United States government has recently added new =
restrictions to prevent certain groups from receiving any U.S. money to =
work on trafficking. These restrictions are contained in new =
legislation, as well as in U.S. government documents and funding =
proposals. As a result of the new Bush policy and US legislation, many =
organizations have been questioned by U.S. Embassy or Consulate =
officials about their 'position' on prostitution. We also know that =
many organizations are very confused about how to respond to such =
questions because their organizations do not work on prostitution or =
have an official 'position' on prostitution. =20
=20
The purpose of this document is to provide some information that may be =
useful in responding to those questions. Based upon statements made by =
key members of the US Congress, we believe that NGOs that are not =
working on prostitution do not have to adopt any position on =
prostitution in order to receive US funding. =20
=20
First, it is necessary to understand the types of restrictions that are =
contained in U.S. law and policy regarding funding for human trafficking =
programs. =20
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The U.S. Congress enacted a new anti-trafficking law in December 2000. =
The law requires organizations to use U.S. funds to combat trafficking =
but it does not require NGOs to adopt any policy on prostitution. =
However, the Bush administration has created a new policy that does =
place restrictions on funding. The policy appears to require all NGOs =
to adopt a policy on prostitution, even if they do not work on the =
issue. The new policy language can be found in USAID and State =
Department documents, such as those below:
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NEW USAID POLICY: =20
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Trafficking in Persons: The USAID Strategy for Response (page 9, =
February 2003 www.usaid.gov/wid/pubs/pd-abx-358-final.pdf) =20
=20
"An effective antitrafficking strategy depends upon partnerships. =
Organizations=20
* advocating prostitution as an employment choice or=20
* which advocate or support the legalization of prostitution are =
not appropriate partners for USAID antitrafficking grants or contracts. =
Missions will avoid contracting or assistance agreements with such =
organizations as primary or subgrantees, or contractors."
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NEW STATE DEPARTMENT POLICY (contained in funding application forms and =
notices):
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"The U.S. Government is opposed to prostitution and related activities, =
which are inherently harmful and dehumanizing, and contribute to the =
phenomenon of trafficking in persons.=20
* U.S. non-governmental organizations, and their sub-grantees, =
cannot use U.S. Government funds to lobby for, promote or advocate the =
legalization or regulation of prostitution as a legitimate form of work. =
=20
* Foreign non-governmental organizations, and their sub-grantees, =
that receive U.S. Government funds to fight trafficking in persons =
cannot lobby for, promote or advocate the legalization or regulation of =
prostitution as a legitimate form of work. =20
* It is the responsibility of the primary grantee to ensure these =
criteria are met by its sub-grantees."
=20
While the above restrictions were part of Bush policy, they were not =
mandated by Congress until last year. In December 2003, the U.S. =
Congress approved changes to the 2000 anti-trafficking law that will now =
restrict the use of U.S.anti-trafficking funds and prohibit certain =
organizations from receiving U.S. funds to work on trafficking. The =
language of the new law and our explanation of the law are set out =
below:
=20
NEW U.S. LAW : Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of =
2003 H.R.2620, =
<http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c108:4:./temp/~c108vaJNmD:e31465> =
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c108:4:./temp/~c108vaJNmD:e31465:
EXPLANATION :
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(g) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS-
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(1) RESTRICTION ON PROGRAMS-=20
* No funds made available to carry out this division, or any =
amendment made by this division, may be used to promote, support, or =
advocate the legalization or practice of prostitution.=20
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* Nothing in the preceding sentence shall be construed to =
preclude assistance designed to promote the purposes of this Act by =
ameliorating the suffering of, or health risks to, victims=20
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o while they are being trafficked or
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o after they are out of the situation that resulted from such =
victims being trafficked.
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(2) RESTRICTION ON ORGANIZATIONS
* No funds made available to carry out this division, or any =
amendment made by this division,=20
o may be used to implement any program that targets victims of =
severe forms of trafficking in persons described in section 103(8)(A) of =
this Act=20
=20
o through any organization that has not stated in either a grant =
application, a grant agreement, or both, that it does not promote, =
support, or advocate the legalization or practice of prostitution.=20
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* The preceding sentence shall not apply to organizations that =
provide services to individuals solely after they are no longer engaged =
in activities that resulted from such victims being trafficked.=20
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* This provision prevents NGOs from using U.S. anti-trafficking =
funds to 'promote, support, or advocate the legalization or practice of =
prostitution. NGOs that accept US money to work only on human =
trafficking cannot use the money for other purposes. This provision is =
very clear and not problematic for NGOs.
=20
* This provision is intended to mean that NGOs providing services =
to people who are trafficked into prostitution can still provide =
services to them. Those services do not 'promote, support, or advocate' =
on prostitution. =20
=20
* NGOs can provide services to people while they are route to =
their final destination and also when they are in prostitution as a =
result of being trafficked.
=20
* NGOs can also provide services to persons who escape from the =
trafficking situation. However, the language appears to also say that =
NGOs cannot provide services to victims who return to work voluntarily =
in prostitution after their escape. We know that some victims return to =
prostitution even though they continue suffer from trauma and health =
consequences as a result of the trafficking. They continue to need =
support to enable them to transition out of prostitution altogether. =
This provision would prevent NGOs from providing this much needed =
support.
=20
* Paragraph (2) places restrictions directly on the programs that =
are financed by non-U.S. sources, while paragraph (1) places =
restrictions on the use of US funds. Thus, the law prohibits funding =
certain types of programs and organizations - no matter whether the =
money comes from the US government or not.
=20
=20
* This section is problematic for NGOs because it appears to =
require all NGOs to adopt a policy on prostitution, even if they do not =
work on the issue of prostitution. For example, it could mean that NGOs =
working with children trafficked into forced labor in mines must adopt a =
policy on prostitution in order to receive US funding. Fortunately, =
however, two Congressmen sponsoring the new law have stated clearly that =
this provision is not intended to force NGOs to adopt policies on =
prostitution. Their interpretation is this provision of the law is =
discussed in greater detail below.
=20
* This last sentence is similar to the last sentence of section =
(1). The phrase =AB after they are no longer engaged in activities that =
resulted from such victims being trafficked =BB is not defined and so =
the meaning is unclear. It could be interpreted to mean that NGOs using =
non-U.S. funds to provide services to trafficked persons who return to =
work in the sex industry could not receive U.S. funding to provide =
services to trafficked persons. Unfortunately, the law's Congressional =
sponsors have not stated their interpretation of this provision.
=20
Clearly, guidance is needed on the meaning of these provisions. The =
language is unclear and is causing a great deal of concern to NGOs that =
do not work on prostitution or have any policy on prostitution but that =
want to apply for U.S. funding. They are confused because they do not =
know how they can meet the U.S. requirement when their have mission =
statements and policies do not include the goal of working on =
prostitution or adopting any policies on prostitution. They fear that, =
in order to meet the U.S. demand for a 'prostitution policy', they will =
have to convince their boards of directors to change their mission =
statement and policies. This may be difficult or even impossible for =
NGOs that do not work on prostitution and have no intention of ever =
working on the issue. Other NGOs will adopt a 'policy' simply for the =
purpose of obtaining US funds.
=20
The solution to this confusion was, fortunately, provided by members of =
Congress. Congressman Lantos and Congressman Chris Smith, who are the =
two main sponsors of the new law, held an official discussion (called a =
colloquy) in which they stated their intentions in drafting the =
requirement regarding a prostitution policy.
=20
In the statements quoted below, Mr. Lantos asks Mr. Smith to clarify the =
meaning of the trafficking bill restrictions regarding prostitution. =
Mr. Lantos states that he understands the language to mean that NGOs =
that have no policy on prostitution will not be forced to adopt any =
policy on prostitution in order to receive U.S. funding. Mr. Smith =
states his agreement with Mr. Lantos. The Lantos/Smith discussion =
follows:=20
=20
Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003 (November 04, =
2003, page H10287. =
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?r108:17:./temp/~r108DNMsos:e59887: =
<http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?r108:./temp/~r108nh0kp6> )
=20
Mr. LANTOS. ..... Mr. Speaker, as the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. =
Smith) knows, as in other bills, there are provisions in this =
legislation that represent a compromise and do not go as far as either =
side would like. In this case, Mr. Speaker, there is a provision that =
prohibits providing funds to any organization that promotes, supports, =
or advocates the legalization or the practice of prostitution. Some have =
raised concerns regarding this provision since the committee has =
reported this bill, and I think that this provision needs some =
clarification.
=20
When this provision was drafted, it was my understanding that an =
organization can satisfy this requirement if it states in a grant =
application or in a grant agreement or both that it does not promote, =
support, or advocate such action since it has no policy regarding this =
issue. Just to be clear on this point, I yield to the gentleman from =
New Jersey (Mr. Smith) to confirm that this is his understanding of the =
statute.
.....
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I agree with the interpretation =
of the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos). It was also my =
understanding that an organization can satisfy the prohibition that the =
gentleman has referred to if it states in a grant application, a grant =
agreement, or both that it does not promote, support, or advocate such =
actions since it has no policy regarding this issue.
=20
Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. =
Smith). On that basis, I would say this is a good bipartisan bill, and I =
strongly urge all of my colleagues to support it.
=20
Thus, the only organizations that will have to include their policy on =
prostitution in grant applications will be those organizations that work =
on prostitution. Thus, an NGO working with children trafficked into =
forced labor in mines will not be required to adopt a policy on =
prostitution in order to receive US money. NGOs working with women =
trafficked into forced prostitution (but not on the issue of =
prostitution itself) will not be required to adopt a policy on =
prostitution to receive US funding for their anti-trafficking work. =
Since the overwhelming majority of NGOs that provide services to people =
trafficked into prostitution do not also work on the issues or problems =
surrounding prostitution, they should continue to be eligible for US =
funding. =20
=20
The Lantos/Smith interpretation of the new law's restrictive language is =
reasonable and logical. The US government should not be forcing NGOs to =
adopt policies that have nothing to do with their work or organizational =
mission. Even NGOs that work with people trafficked into prostitution =
and also with non-trafficked people who are working in prostitution =
should be able to apply for U.S. funding because it is possible to =
provide social, legal and health services to sex workers without =
supporting, promoting or advocating for the legalization or practice of =
prostitution.
=20
Thus, the Lantos/Smith interpretation and understanding of the =
restrictive language can be used by NGOs that are applying for U.S. =
funding to work on human trafficking. NGOs that do not work on =
prostitution and do not have any policy on prostitution can simply state =
in their funding proposals to the U.S. government that: =20
=20
=AB Our organization does not promote, support, or advocate for the =
legalization of prostitution or the practice of prostitution because our =
organization has no policy on prostitution. =BB =20
=20
On the other hand, NGOs that have a position on prostitution that can be =
understood to promote, support or advocate for the legalization of =
prostitution or practice of prostitution will be barred from receiving =
U.S. anti-trafficking funds. Of course, the words 'promote, support or =
advocate' are undefined and open to a multitude of interpretations and =
so some organizations will remain confused about their eligibility for =
funding. Neither US law, policy nor the Lantos/Smith interpretation =
will provide any clear guidance on this problem.
=20
However, the majority of the NGO community that is already doing =
excellent work around the world to prevent human trafficking and support =
the rights of trafficked persons with US funds should continue to be =
eligible for U.S. funding. =20
=20
Lastly, we would appreciate hearing from any organizations that =
encounter difficulties with this new requirement. For example, we would =
be interested in hearing from NGOs that are denied funding because they =
refuse to adopt a policy or that are forced to adopt a 'prostitution =
policy' or to change their organizational mission or goals in order to =
received funding.
=20
=
Ann Jordan
=
Director, Initiative Against Trafficking in Persons
=
Global Rights : Partners for Justice
=
(formerly International Human Rights Law Group)
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style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Dear
friends,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText2><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>As =
many of you
know, the United States government has recently added new restrictions =
to
prevent certain groups from receiving any U.S. money to work on
trafficking.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>These =
restrictions are
contained in new legislation, as well as in U.S. government documents =
and
funding proposals.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>As a =
result of
the new Bush policy and US legislation, many organizations have been =
questioned
by U.S. Embassy or Consulate officials about their =
‘position’ on
prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>We also =
know that
many organizations are very confused about how to respond to such =
questions
because their organizations do not work on prostitution or have an =
official
‘position’ on prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes"> </span></span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>The
purpose of this document is to provide some information that may be =
useful in
responding to those questions.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>Based upon statements made by key members of the US Congress, =
<b><span
style=3D'font-weight:bold'>we believe that NGOs that are not working on
prostitution do <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>not have to =
adopt</span></i>
any position on prostitution in order to receive US funding.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>First,
it is necessary to understand the types of restrictions that are =
contained in
U.S. law and policy regarding funding for human trafficking =
programs.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>The
U.S. Congress enacted a new anti-trafficking law in December 2000.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The law requires organizations =
to use
U.S. funds to combat trafficking but it does not require NGOs to adopt =
any
policy on prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>However,
the Bush administration has created a new policy that <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>does</span></i> place restrictions on =
funding.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The policy appears to require =
<i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>all</span></i> NGOs to adopt a policy on
prostitution, even if they do not work on the issue.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>The new policy language can be found in USAID and =
State
Department documents, such as those below:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><b><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext;
font-weight:bold'>NEW USAID POLICY:<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><b><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext;
font-weight:bold'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
color:windowtext;font-weight:bold'>Trafficking in Persons:<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The USAID Strategy for =
Response </span></font></b><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext'>(p</span></font><font
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>age 9,
February 2003<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><a
href=3D"http://www.usaid.gov/wid/pubs/pd-abx-358-final.pdf">www.usaid.gov=
/wid/pubs/pd-abx-358-final.pdf</a></span></font><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext'>)<b><span
style=3D'font-weight:bold'><span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></font></p>
<h2 style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><b =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]></span><o:p></o:p></font></b></h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext'>“An
effective antitrafficking strategy depends upon partnerships. =
Organizations <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;
tab-stops:list =
.75in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:windowtext'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:windowtext'>advocating prostitution as an employment choice or =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3;
tab-stops:list =
.75in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:windowtext'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:windowtext'>which advocate or support the legalization of =
prostitution
are not appropriate partners for USAID antitrafficking grants or
contracts.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none'><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman";color:windowtext'>Missions
will avoid contracting or assistance agreements with such organizations =
as primary
or subgrantees, or contractors.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>NEW STATE DEPARTMENT =
POLICY </span></font></b><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>(contained in funding application =
forms
and notices)<b><span =
style=3D'font-weight:bold'>:<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText3 style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>“The =
U.S. Government is
opposed to prostitution and related activities, which are inherently =
harmful
and dehumanizing, and contribute to the phenomenon of trafficking in =
persons. </span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText3 =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:
l1 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font
size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]>U.S. non-governmental =
organizations, and
their sub-grantees, cannot use U.S. Government funds to lobby for, =
promote or
advocate the legalization or regulation of prostitution as a legitimate =
form of
work.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText3 =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:
l1 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font
size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]>Foreign non-governmental =
organizations,
and their sub-grantees, that receive U.S. Government funds to fight =
trafficking
in persons cannot lobby for, promote or advocate the legalization or =
regulation
of prostitution as a legitimate form of work.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText3 =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:
l1 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font
size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]>It is the responsibility of the =
primary
grantee to ensure these criteria are met by its sub-grantees.”</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>While
the above restrictions were part of Bush <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>policy</span></i>,
they were not mandated by Congress until last year.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>In December 2003, the U.S. Congress approved changes =
to the
2000 anti-trafficking law that will now restrict the <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:
italic'>use</span></i> of U.S.anti-trafficking funds and <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>prohibit</span></i> certain organizations =
from
receiving U.S. funds to work on trafficking.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>The language of the new law and our explanation of =
the law
are set out below:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<table border=3D1 cellspacing=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 =
style=3D'border-collapse:collapse;
border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-padding-alt:0in =
5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
<tr>
<td width=3D329 valign=3Dtop style=3D'width:246.6pt;border:solid =
windowtext .5pt;
padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times =
New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>NEW
U.S. LAW :<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>Trafficking
Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003 </span></font></b><font
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:windowtext;font-weight:normal'>H.R.2620, <a
=
href=3D"http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c108:4:./temp/~c108vaJNmD:e=
31465"><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:windowtext'>http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c108:4:.=
/temp/~c108vaJNmD:e31465</span></font></a>:</span></font><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=3D329 valign=3Dtop style=3D'width:246.6pt;border:solid =
windowtext .5pt;
border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in =
5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
<h1><b><i><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
=
font-weight:bold'>EXPLANATION :<o:p></o:p></span></font></i></b></h1=
>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width=3D329 valign=3Dtop style=3D'width:246.6pt;border:solid =
windowtext .5pt;
border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in =
5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>(g) LIMITATION ON USE OF =
FUNDS-<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><b><font =
size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";font-weight:bold'>(1) RESTRICTION =
ON <u>PROGRAMS</u>-
<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .25in'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>No
funds made available to carry out this division, or any amendment made =
by
this division, may be used to promote, support, or advocate the =
legalization
or practice of prostitution. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .25in'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Nothing
in the preceding sentence shall be construed to preclude assistance =
designed
to promote the purposes of this Act by ameliorating the suffering of, =
or
health risks to, victims <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l2 level2 lfo1;tab-stops:list .75in'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier =
New";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>o<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'> =
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>while they are being trafficked =
or<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:.25in'><font =
size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:.25in'><font =
size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:.25in'><font =
size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent style=3D'margin-left:.25in'><font =
size=3D3
color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;
mso-list:l2 level2 lfo1;tab-stops:list .75in'><![if =
!supportLists]><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier =
New";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-style:italic'>o<font size=3D1
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>after
they are <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>out of the situation =
that
resulted from such victims being =
trafficked.<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>(2) RESTRICTION ON =
<u>ORGANIZATIONS</u><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>No
funds made available to carry out this division, or any amendment made =
by
this division, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level2 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>o<font
size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>may
be used to implement any program that targets victims of severe forms =
of
trafficking in persons described in section 103(8)(A) of this Act =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level2 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New =
Roman"'>o<font
size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>through
any organization that has not stated in either a grant application, a =
grant
agreement, or both, that it does not promote, support, or advocate the
legalization or practice of prostitution. =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>The
preceding sentence shall not apply to organizations that provide =
services to
individuals solely <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>after they are =
no
longer engaged in activities </span></i>that resulted from such =
victims being
trafficked.<span class=3DMsoFootnoteReference><sup> =
</sup></span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=3D329 valign=3Dtop =
style=3D'width:246.6pt;border-top:none;border-left:
none;border-bottom:solid windowtext .5pt;border-right:solid windowtext =
.5pt;
mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid =
windowtext .5pt;
padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>This
provision prevents NGOs from using U.S. anti-trafficking funds to =
‘promote,
support, or advocate the legalization or practice of =
prostitution.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>NGOs that accept US money to =
work
only on human trafficking cannot use the money for other =
purposes.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>This provision is very clear =
and not
problematic for NGOs.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>This
provision is intended to mean that NGOs providing services to people =
who are
trafficked into prostitution can still provide services to them.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Those services do not =
‘promote,
support, or advocate’ on prostitution.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>NGOs
can provide services to people while they are route to their final
destination and also when they are in prostitution as a result of =
being
trafficked.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>NGOs
can also provide services to persons who escape from the trafficking
situation.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>However, the =
language
appears to also say that NGOs cannot provide services to victims who =
<i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>return</span></i> to work voluntarily in
prostitution after their escape.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">
</span>We know that some victims return to prostitution even though =
they
continue suffer from trauma and health consequences as a result of the
trafficking.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>They =
continue to
need support to enable them to transition out of prostitution
altogether.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>This =
provision would
prevent NGOs from providing this much needed =
support.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Paragraph
(2) places restrictions directly<i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'> =
</span></i>on
the <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>programs</span></i> that are =
financed
by <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>non</span></i>-U.S. sources, =
while
paragraph (1) places restrictions on the <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>use</span></i>
of US funds.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Thus, the =
law
prohibits funding certain types of programs <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>and</span></i>
organizations – no matter whether the money comes from the US =
government or
not.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>This
section is problematic for NGOs because it appears to require all NGOs =
to
adopt a policy on prostitution, even if they do not work on the issue =
of
prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>For =
example, it
could mean that NGOs working with children trafficked into forced =
labor in
mines must adopt a policy on prostitution in order to receive US
funding.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Fortunately, =
however,
two Congressmen sponsoring the new law have stated clearly that this
provision is <u>not intended to force NGOs to adopt policies on =
prostitution</u>.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Their interpretation is this
provision of the law is discussed in greater detail =
below.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list .25in'><![if !supportLists]><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DSymbol><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol'>=B7<font size=3D1 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New =
Roman"'>
</span></font></span></font><![endif]><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>This
last sentence is similar to the last sentence of section (1).<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The phrase =AB <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>after they are no longer engaged in =
activities that
resulted from such victims being trafficked </span></i>=BB is not =
defined
and so the meaning is unclear.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>It could be interpreted to mean that NGOs using non-U.S. funds =
to
provide services to trafficked persons who return to work in the sex =
industry
could not receive U.S. funding to provide services to trafficked
persons.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Unfortunately, =
the
law’s Congressional sponsors have not stated their =
interpretation of this
provision.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Clearly,
guidance is needed on the meaning of these provisions.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The language is unclear and is =
causing
a great deal of concern to NGOs that do not work on prostitution or have =
any
policy on prostitution but that want to apply for U.S. funding.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>They are confused because they =
do not
know how they can meet the U.S. requirement when their have mission =
statements
and policies do not include the goal of working on prostitution or =
adopting any
policies on prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>They
fear that, in order to meet the U.S. demand for a ‘prostitution =
policy’, they
will have to convince their boards of directors to change their mission
statement and policies.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>This may
be difficult or even impossible for NGOs that do not work on =
prostitution and
have no intention of ever working on the issue.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>Other NGOs will adopt a ‘policy’ simply =
for the purpose of
obtaining US funds.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>The solution to this confusion was, fortunately, =
provided by
members of Congress.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span></span></font></b><font
size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Congressman Lantos and Congressman =
Chris
Smith, who are the two main sponsors of the new law, held an official
discussion (called a colloquy) in which they stated their intentions in
drafting the requirement regarding a prostitution =
policy.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>In
the statements quoted below, Mr. Lantos asks Mr. Smith to clarify the =
meaning
of the trafficking bill restrictions regarding prostitution.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Mr. Lantos states that he =
understands
the language to mean that NGOs that have <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>no</span></i>
policy on prostitution will not be <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>forced</span></i>
to adopt any policy on prostitution in order to receive U.S. =
funding.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Mr. Smith states his =
agreement
with Mr. Lantos.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The =
Lantos/Smith
discussion follows: <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoFootnoteText style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><b><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";font-weight:bold'>Trafficking Victims =
Protection
Reauthorization Act of 2003</span></font></b><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>
(November 04, 2003, page H10287.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><a
href=3D"http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/C?r108:./temp/~r108nh0kp6">ht=
tp://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?r108:17:./temp/~r108DNMsos:e59887:</a=
>)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText2 style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'>Mr. LANTOS. .....<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>Mr.
Speaker, as the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) knows, as in other =
bills,
there are provisions in this legislation that represent a compromise and =
do not
go as far as either side would like. In this case, Mr. Speaker, there is =
a
provision that prohibits providing funds to any organization that =
promotes,
supports, or advocates the legalization or the practice of prostitution. =
Some
have raised concerns regarding this provision since the committee has =
reported
this bill, and I think that this provision needs some =
clarification.</span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'>When this provision was drafted, <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>it was my understanding that an organization =
can
satisfy this requirement if it states in a grant application or in a =
grant
agreement or both that it does not promote, support, or advocate such =
action
since it has no policy regarding this issue.</span></i><span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Just to be clear on this =
point, I yield
to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) to confirm that this is his
understanding of the statute.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span>.....<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Mr. SMITH of New Jersey.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Mr. Speaker, I agree with the
interpretation of the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos). <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>It was also my understanding that an =
organization can
satisfy the prohibition that the gentleman has referred to if it states =
in a
grant application, a grant agreement, or both that it does not promote,
support, or advocate such actions since it has no policy regarding this =
issue.<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent2><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times =
New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Mr.
LANTOS.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Mr. Speaker, I =
thank the
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith). On that basis, I would say this =
is a
good bipartisan bill, and I strongly urge all of my colleagues to =
support it.</span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Thus,
the only organizations that will have to include their policy on =
prostitution
in grant applications will be those organizations that work on
prostitution.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Thus, an =
NGO working
with children trafficked into forced labor in mines will not be required =
to
adopt a policy on prostitution in order to receive US money.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>NGOs working with women =
trafficked into
forced prostitution (but not on the issue of prostitution itself) will =
not be
required to adopt a policy on prostitution to receive US funding for =
their
anti-trafficking work.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>Since the
overwhelming majority of NGOs that provide services to people trafficked =
into
prostitution do not also work on the issues or problems surrounding
prostitution, they should continue to be eligible for US funding.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>The
Lantos/Smith interpretation of the new law’s restrictive language =
is reasonable
and logical.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>The US =
government
should not be <i><span style=3D'font-style:italic'>forcing</span></i> =
NGOs to
adopt policies that have nothing to do with their work or organizational
mission.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Even NGOs that =
work with
people trafficked into prostitution and also with non-trafficked people =
who are
working in prostitution should be able to apply for U.S. funding because =
it is
possible to provide social, legal and health services to sex workers =
without
supporting, promoting or advocating for the legalization or practice of
prostitution.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent2 style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'>Thus, the Lantos/Smith interpretation and understanding of the
restrictive language can be used by NGOs that are applying for U.S. =
funding to
work on human trafficking.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>NGOs
that do not work on prostitution and do not have any policy on =
prostitution can
simply state in their funding proposals to the U.S. government =
that:<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent2 style=3D'margin-left:0in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes"> </span></span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyTextIndent3><b =
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><font
size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>=AB Our organization does not =
promote,
support, or advocate for the legalization of prostitution or the =
practice of
prostitution because our organization has no policy on
prostitution. =BB<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span></span></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoBodyText2><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>On =
the other
hand, NGOs that have a position on prostitution that can be understood =
to
promote, support or advocate for the legalization of prostitution or =
practice
of prostitution will be barred from receiving U.S. anti-trafficking =
funds.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Of course, the words =
‘promote, support
or advocate’ are undefined and open to a multitude of =
interpretations and so
some organizations will remain confused about their eligibility for
funding.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Neither US law, =
policy
nor the Lantos/Smith interpretation will provide any clear guidance on =
this
problem.</span></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><u><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times =
New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman";
font-weight:bold'>However, the majority of the NGO community that is =
already
doing excellent work around the world to prevent human trafficking and =
support
the rights of trafficked persons with US funds should continue to be =
eligible
for U.S. funding.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span><o:p></o:p></span></font></u></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'>Lastly,
we would appreciate hearing from any organizations that encounter =
difficulties
with this new requirement.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> =
</span>For
example, we would be interested in hearing from NGOs that are denied =
funding
because they refuse to adopt a policy or that are forced to adopt a
‘prostitution policy’ or to change their organizational =
mission or goals in
order to received funding.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span>Ann
Jordan<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span>Director,
Initiative Against Trafficking in Persons<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span>Global
Rights :<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Partners =
for Justice<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times =
New Roman"'><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:2'>  =
; =
</span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span><span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>  =
; </span>(formerly
International Human Rights Law Group)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
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